Advantages of Television Essay Example for Free

Advantages of Television Essay Nowadays, many people all over the world spend most of their free time watching television. No one can deny the fact that, there is a television in almost every home. It is one of the most common entertainments for people all over the world. However, since its arrival, television has brought to man, many advantages. First and foremost, television plays an important role in our daily activities. It keeps us informed of all current affairs in the world. Events through television are more vivid than those through books and magazines. This is because we can watch these events which are sometimes aired on live telecast. Apart from that, television helps us enrich our spiritual lives. Our knowledge is broadened in many ways. Through language teaching programs , we can learn the language we like, such as, English, French, German, Chinese, Japanese and Spanish. We can also brush up our skills through various programs in television. We can become skillful at doing jobs, baking cakes or arranging flowers through practical programs taught on television. It is also undeniable that, television is a source of recreation. Humorous stories and funny films bring us minutes of relaxation after a hard day’s work. For me, sitting comfortably in an armchair to watch an international football match on television is more interesting than having to queue for tickets at a crowded stadium. In a nutshell, television is indeed useful to us when we know how to use it. Nevertheless, be careful not to overindulge ourselves in it and use in a discerning manner.

2001: A Space Odyssey :: 2001

2001: A Space Odyssey      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Three million B.C. The gunpowder for a smashing evolutionary hit was amassing for a long time, but the necessary spark came from an outside help, which soon set the whole world ablaze. From this heated inferno, came the most proficient species ever to grace the planet. And now man has to be prepared for what comes next. Arthur C. Clarke skillfully proves the point that 'truth is stranger than fiction' in his remarkable book - 2001: A Space Odyssey. He also carefully examines the point that in spite of their intelligence and curious mind, humans lack the capacity to be a complete species on their own. Without the assistance of concerned alien species humans would never had climbed the evolutionary ladder. Devoid of the outside help they wouldn't had escaped their self made prison, explored the enormity of the universe and known their place in it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If earth were a field and evolution a farmer then the leading and the healthiest crop in his field would be the human or homo sapiens. But this human race would never had flourished into an above average species without assistance from outer space friends. The aliens initialized the primary phase of the advancement process about three million years ago. They did this by means of a monolith, planted on earth on a fateful night. The monolith probed the ape-man's (Austrapethicas Erectus) mind, studied their reactions and finally evaluated their potential. By carefully conducted experiments the monolith altered the molecular makeup of the ape-man's brain making them smarter and providing them with the necessary skills needed to survive in the hostile world. The ape-man changed its shape and size evolving into a new and improved species. It was a slow, cumulative process, and at its end was man.   Therefore, without the assistance of helpful extra terres trial friends, ape-man would never had developed the dexterity to compete for life sustaining rations with rival species and would probably had suffered the same fate as the overgrown lizards. But evolutions success story has constructed tools that have become too hard for even him to handle.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After centuries of enhancement, humans were transformed into a leading species, but he gradually turned into a plant that wraps around another plant for support and survival needs.

Incoterms Use for Shipping Terms

INCOTERMS USE FOR SHIPPING TERMS Incoterms rules are international trade terms promulgated by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC). Though used primarily in international trade, they are seeing increasing use in domestic trade. When used, they should specify the specific shipping term, the location, Incoterms, and the edition. An example is â€Å"DAT Pier 82 Port of Philadelphia Incoterms ® 2010. † Incoterms rules specify the point at which risk of loss occurs, but not, strictly speaking, where title changes.In addition, they specify which party is responsible for freight (or carriage) charges, but not payment terms for the goods themselves. The ICC prefers that â€Å"Incoterms† be used as an adjective, not a noun, in prose. The word itself is trademarked and the rules are copyrighted, so at least the last edition, Incoterms ® 2010, should include the trademark. The U. S. national council of the ICC is the U. S. Council for International Business (USCIB). The leading U. S. authority is Frank Reynolds, who served on the eight-member committee of the ICC which drafted the Incoterms ® 2010 rules.New rules have been published every ten years, and the second latest, Incoterms 2000, is still in widespread use. The rules are brought more up-to-date in their application, and sometimes, old terms are deleted and new terms are added. There has been a tendency to incorporate container shipment provisions, and to place responsibility for export specifics more on the seller and import specifics more on the buyer. The edition of the rules should always be specified, such as â€Å"FOB Terminal 86 Port of Seattle Incoterms 2000. The named place (â€Å"delivery† under Incoterms rules) is where risk of loss changes, and usually, but not always, where responsibility for carriage charges changes. Incoterms rules are not law and are incorporated into the sales contract by explicit reference to them. The sales contract includes additional specifics of the contract, and may modify the Incoterm chosen. However, the International Chamber of Commerce cautions that Sometimes the parties want to alter an Incoterms rule. The Incoterms ® 2010 rules do not prohibit such alteration, but there are dangers in so doing.In order to avoid any unwelcome surprises, the parties would need to make the intended effect of such alterations extremely clear in their contract. Thus, for example, if the allocation of costs in the Incoterms 2010 ® rules is altered in the contract, the parties should also state whether they intend to vary the point at which the risk passes from seller to buyer. Domestic trade is likely to see increasing use of the ICC’s international commercial terms. The 2000 edition of Incoterms first provided for this, and the subtitle of Incoterms 2010 ® is actually ICC rules for the use of domestic and international trade terms. As a result, the Incoterms ® 2010 clearly state in a number of places that the obligation to comply with export/import formalities only exists where applicable. † Domestic trade terms from the UCC, even those which use the same letters, are not precisely the same as the international trade terms. FOB, or free on board, is more restricted and precisely defined internationally, and is only used for water transportation, whereas it may be used for any form of transportation domestically. The UCC provisions are rather short and dated compared with the more up-to-date, detailed rules found in Incoterms ® 2010.A total of eleven Incoterms rules are available, down from thirteen in Incoterms 2000. These three-letter terms give responsibilities for, in addition to delivery and shipment charges, documents provision, information availability, and security coordination. EXW—Ex-works. Here the seller merely makes the goods available at its premises and the buyer, or more likely the buyer’s freight carrier, picks them up. The seller does not clear the goods for export. However, the exporter’s government sometimes requires the manufacturer to file particular documents (in the U. S. he manufacturer is the â€Å"Principal Party in Interest† even if another party exports the goods out of the country), so despite the limited obligations of the exporter under this term, many authorities conclude that other shipment terms, such as FCA, are usually more appropriate in international trade. In addition, from the point of view of the buyer, the seller is usually in a better position to handle the export legalities. FCA—Free Carrier. The seller’s responsibility is to get the goods to the carrier nominated by the buyer. The location specified, however, may be the seller’s place of business.Under EXW the seller is not obligated to load the goods, but if under FCA the seller’s place of business is specified as the location of delivery, it is. If the terms are FCA somewhere else, then the seller does not have to l oad the goods on the carrier’s vehicle but simply gets them to the carrier’s location. Once the seller gets the goods to the carrier, risk of loss and responsibility for shipping charges rests with the buyer. This term is seeing increasing use, and is well-suited for intermodal and containerized transport. CPT—Carriage Paid to.CPT is quite similar to the more common CFR. Like CFR, the seller chooses the carrier and pays for shipment, but the risk of loss passes to the buyer after the goods have been delivered by the seller to the carrier. CIP—Carriage and Insurance Paid to. Under CPT and CIP the seller chooses and pays the carrier. Under FCA the buyer chooses the shipping company and pays it. Under all three the risk of loss passes when the seller delivers the goods to the carrier. All three are used for intermodal and containerized transport. DAT—Delivered at Terminal. Incoterms rules give a named place.Here the terms might be â€Å"DAT Pier 82 P ort of Philadelphia Incoterms ® 2010† which mean that the seller gets the goods to Pier 82 and unloads them from the ship, and bears risk of loss until they are in the terminal. DAP—Delivered at Place. Here the terms might be â€Å"DAP Area 14 Clover Shippers Cleveland Incoterms ® 2010† which mean that the seller gets the goods to Area 14, bearing risk of loss and freight charges to that point, but unlike DAT the buyer is responsible for unloading the goods. DDP—Delivered Duty Paid. The seller does virtually everything, getting the goods to the buyer’s place of business.EXW is the only term in which the buyer clears for export, and DDP is the only term in which the seller provides for import formalities. FAS—Free Alongside. Here the seller’s responsibility is to get the goods on the dock alongside the ship. From that point expenses and risk of loss are for the buyer. Under Incoterms rules, FAS, FOB, CFR, and CIF are only for water transport. ————————————————- Domestic term FAS, Free Alongside, appears in the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC). As in the international version, it requires the seller to place the goods alongside the ship for shipment.FOB—Free on Board. The seller’s responsibility is to get the goods on board the ship. From that point expenses and risk of loss are for the buyer. Used especially for shipments of bulk items like grains, but not well-suited for containerized and intermodal freight, in which the seller typically gets the goods to a container staging area well away from the ship. (Under all previous Incoterms editions, water-based-transportation delivery occurred when the goods â€Å"passed the ship’s rail;† now delivery occurs when the goods are â€Å"on board† the ship. FOBS or FOBST are sometimes used, although they are not listed in Incoter ms publications. FOBS means FOB Stowed, in which the seller is responsible for getting the goods down in the hold of the ship. FOB Stowed and Trimmed means that the seller is also responsible for balancing the cargo load so that the ship lies in the water correctly. FOBST L/S/D means the seller gets the goods on board the ship, stows them in the hold, trims the vessel, and provides lashing, securing, and dunnaging for the goods, which means they are secured safely for transport and properly aerated. ———————————————— Domestic term FOB, Free on Board, appears in the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC). Although FOB is probably the most widely-used Incoterms rule, it is even more widely-used domestically, with well over half of domestic transport shipped under this three-letter code. Unlike the international version, the domestic version may be used for any type of transport, not j ust water-related. Incoterms rules provide for much more detail than UCC provisions.Incoterms rules specify the buyer as the party which nominates the carrier, and the buyer typically gives the specific time, dock, and ship to which the goods are to be delivered as well, but under domestic transport the seller will often be the party which chooses the transportation company. ————————————————- Internationally, FOB is referenced from a port of shipping, but domestically it may be specified from almost any location within the United States.FOB Origin (or Shipping Point) means that risk of loss passes to the buyer as the seller ships the goods from its premises. FOB Destination means that risk of loss passes to the buyer only as the buyer receives the goods at its receiving dock. The parties may also specify a location for FOB responsibilities. A shipment of oranges from Flori da to Minnesota could use terms FOB Miami, or FOB Minneapolis–or even FOB Atlanta, in which case risk of loss and responsibility for payment of freight charges would transfer from the seller to the buyer in Atlanta. ————————————————-Through usage a number of common modifiers have been appended to the basic domestic shipping terms: ————————————————- FOB Origin, Freight Collect is usually how FOB Origin is stated. This means explicitly that risk of loss passes to the buyer as the seller ships the goods, and that the buyer pays freight charges to the carrier. FOB Origin, Freight Collect is by far the most common domestic shipping term. If only FOB is specified, or FOB Origin is specified, the shipment is assumed to be under FOB Origin, Freight Collect terms. ———————————————— FOB Origin, Freight Prepaid passes the risk of loss to the buyer as the seller ships the goods but provides that it is the seller, and not the buyer, who pays freight charges to the carrier. Also stated as (1) FOB Origin, Freight Allowed; (2) FOB Origin, Freight Prepaid and Allowed. ————————————————- FOB Origin, Freight Prepaid and Added passes the risk of loss to the buyer as the seller ships the goods but provides that it is the seller who pays freight charges to the carrier.However, the seller then adds the freight charge, typically as a separate line in the invoice, to the buyer’s bill. Also stated as (1) FOB Origin, Freight Prepaid and Add; (2) FOB Origin, Freight Prepaid and Charged; (3) FOB Origin, Freight Prepaid and Charged Back. ————————————————- FOB Destination, Freight Prepaid means that the seller bears risk of loss in shipment and also pays the carrier. Universities usually prefer this term. Also stated as FOB Destination, Freight Prepaid and Allowed. â€Å"FOB Destination† alone is assumed to be FOB Destination, freight prepaid. ———————————————— FOB Destination, Freight Prepaid and Added means that the seller bears risk of loss in shipment and pays the carrier, but then adds the freight charge, typically as a separate line in the invoice, to the buyer’s bill. Also stated as (1) FOB Destination, Freight Prepaid and Add; (2) FOB Origin, Freight Prepaid and Charged; (3) FOB Origin, Freight Prepaid and Charged Back. ———————à ¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- FOB Destination, Freight Collect states that the seller bears risk of loss in shipment, but that the buyer pays the carrier. ———————————————— FOB Destination, Freight Collect and Allowed provides that the seller bears risk of loss, the buyer pays the carrier, and that the buyer deducts the freight charge as a separate line on the seller’s invoice. CFR—Cost and Freight. The seller’s quoted price includes freight. However, risk of loss passes to the buyer when the goods are on board the ship. Many buyers initially like to use CFR or CIF as the seller handles more of the arrangements–choosing the shipping firm and paying for the freight.However, more experienced buyers sometimes like to use FOB instead, as this gives them more control after the items reach the port of shipment . Although not listed in Incoterms publications, CFR FO and CFR LO are sometimes used as shipment terms. FO means free out, in which the price (to the buyer) does not include unloading (or discharging) at the port of destination. LO means liner out, in which the price does include discharge at the port of destination. CFR LO may also be given as CFR liner terms, CFR berth terms, or CFR landed.Under plain CFR terms, the seller is under no strict obligation to pay for the discharge of the goods, but it is recognized that often he or she will as they may be included in the common shipment contract. If not, the buyer must use his or her own movers (stevedores) to get the goods off the ship. Incoterms rules specify obligations between buyer and seller. In contracts a party makes with a shipping company, â€Å"free† means it is free for the shipping company—FI or free in, the ship’s owner does not load the goods, but whoever charters the vessel does. FO or ree out mea ns that the ship’s crew does not unload the goods, but rather that the charterer provides for discharging Liner in means that the ship owner loads the goods, and liner out means that the ship owner discharges the goods. ————————————————- Domestic term Cost and Freight, or CF, or CNF, or C&F, appears in the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC). As in the international version, it requires the seller to place the goods on the vehicle for shipment. However, unlike the international version, the domestic version may be used for any type of transport, not just water-related.In both international and U. S. versions, the seller pays the freight, but risk of loss is the buyer’s in shipment. Although not as frequently used as FOB, the terms CF (CFR Incoterms) and CIF are quite common, both domestically and internationally. CIF—Cost, Insurance, and Freight. Same as CFR except that insurance is included. ————————————————- CIF appears in both Incoterms rules and the UCC. Under Incoterms EXW, FCA, FAS, and FOB the buyer selects the carrier. Under CFR, CIF, CPT, CIF, DAT, DAP, and DDP the seller selects the carrier.FAS, FOB, CFR, and CIF are for water transportation only, but the others are for any mode of transport. Incoterms 2000 had 13 terms. EXW FCA FAS FOB CFR CIF CIP CPT DAF or delivered at frontier. DES or delivered ex-ship. The seller got the goods to the buyer’s port but the buyer was responsible for unloading. This term was often used for coal and other large commoditized shipments. ————————————————- Domestic term Ex-ship appears in the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) and provides, unlike the international version, that the seller unloads the goods onto the dock.DEQ or delivered ex-quay. The seller got the goods to the buyer’s port and got them unloaded on the dock or quay. DDU or delivered duty unpaid. DDP TITLE AND ACCOUNTING Unlike international trade terms under Incoterms rules, domestic use of FOB may be for any transportation mode. The most common domestic shipping term is FOB Origin, Freight Collect, which means that title and risk of loss pass to the buyer at the seller’s place of business, and the shipping company collects the charge from the buyer. Equivalently, FOB Shipping Point, Freight Collect is the same thing.FOB Destination, Freight Prepaid means that title and risk of loss pass from the seller to the buyer at the buyer’s place of business, and the seller prepays the shipping charge to the shipping company. Accountants report a merchandiser’s and a manufacturer’s revenues when a sale is made. The term, FOB Shipping Point, indicates that the s ale occurred at the shipping point—at the seller’s shipping dock. FOB Destination indicates that the sale will occur when it arrives at the destination—at the buyer’s receiving dock.Accountants also assume that the cost of transporting the goods corresponds to these terms. If the sale occurred at the shipping point (seller’s shipping dock), then the buyer should take responsibility for the cost of transporting the goods. (The buyer will record this cost as Freight-In or Transportation-In. ) If the sale doesn’t occur until the goods reach the destination (terms are FOB Destination), then the seller should be responsible for transporting the goods until they reach the buyer’s unloading dock. (The seller will record the transportation cost asFreight-Out, Transportation-Out, or Delivery Expense. ) (From http://blog. accountingcoach. com/fob-shipping-point-fob-destination/) CONTAINERIZATION—WIKIPEDIA Containerization (British:contai nerisation) is a system of freight transport based on a range of steel intermodal containers. Containers are built to standardized dimensions, and can be loaded and unloaded, stacked, transported efficiently over long distances, and transferred from one mode of transport to another—container ships, rail and semi-trailer trucks—without being opened.The system was developed after World War II, led to greatly reduced transport costs, and supported a vast increase in international trade. Container capacity is often expressed in twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU, or sometimes teu). An equivalent unit is a measure of containerized cargo capacity equal to one standard 20 ft (length) ? 8 ft (width) container. A 20-foot-long (6. 1 m) ISO container equals 1 TEU.

How Did the Gasoline Shortage of the Era Differ from the Energy Crisis of Our Time

In 1973, the United States was placed under an OPEC embargo for political reasons. Middle Eastern members of OPEC wished to protest American involvement in an ongoing conflict with Israel, and these nations struck the United States where it hurt, depriving them of oil in 1973 and again in 1977. About 60 percent of the oil that Americans consumed in the 1970s was produced at home, and large reserves remained under native ground. But vast quantities of crude were imported, and in October 1973, Americans discovered how little control they had over the 40 percent of their oil that came from abroad. 810) Since 2003, a rise in prices caused by continued global increases in petroleum demand together with production stagnation, the falling value of the U. S. dollar, and a numerous of other lesser causes. Fortunately, today we haven’t seen the fuel rationing of the 1970’s. â€Å"We remember when the phrase ‘sound as a dollar’ was an expression of absolute dependabi lity, until†¦ inflation began to shrink our dollar and our savings. We believed that our Nation's resources were limitless until†¦ we had to face a growing dependence on foreign oil,† Jimmy Carter, 1979. In his â€Å"Malaise Speech,† President Carter described American disappointment with government and a â€Å"crisis of confidence† in the ability of the nation’s leaders to work together to build a stronger America. You only have to open the newspaper today to note a comparable type of malaise caused by the overall perception that government is either unwilling or incapable of helping its people. In households across America, the term politician has become synonymous with power, self- interest, and ineffectiveness.

Sauders 2003 Essay Example

Sauders 2003 Essay Example Sauders 2003 Essay Sauders 2003 Essay Saunders et al. 2003, p. 83 -The Research Process â€Å"Onion† Having defined the research question and the overall research design for this study, the next step is to discuss the design in more detail: the research philosophy, the research approach and research strategies used. Much literature is available on research philosophies, approaches and strategies. Saunders et al. (2003) define the socalled research process ‘onion’, consisting of five different layers, as in Figure 2-3. Part 2 As approaches in the different layers have dependencies, they suggest a research design should be developed from the top down, starting with the outside layer [adopting a research RESEARCH DESIGN philosophy] and thereafter peeling away each layer until the fifth layer is reached [defining data collection methods]. This approach, also suggested by Remenyi et al. (2000), is used in this study. Part 3 A positivistic philosophy aims at the derivation of laws or law-like gen eralizations similar to those in the physical and natural sciences (Remenyi et al. 000, p. 32). Quantitative research allows researchers to familiarize themselves with the problem or concept to be studied. The emphasis is on facts and causes of behaviour (Bogdan and Biklen 1988), with the information in the form of numbers that can be quantified, and summarized using a mathematical process for analysing the numeric data and expressing the final result in statistical terminology (Charles 1995). Part 4 The realistic philosophy shares two features with a positivism philosophy: a belief that the natural and the social sciences should apply the same kinds of approach to the collection of data and to explanation, and a commitment to the view that there is an external reality to which scientist direct their attention (Bryman 2001). Saunders et al. 2003, p. 83 The Research Process â€Å"Onion†

Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman (cited) Essay Example for Free

Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman (cited) Essay Marriage (796) , Death (671) , Arthur Miller (560) , Sales (458) , Death of a Salesman (121) , Willy Loman (98) , Henrik Ibsen (84) , A Doll's House (53) , Krogstad (43) , Nora Helmer (19) company About StudyMoose Contact Careers Help Center Donate a Paper Legal Terms & Conditions Privacy Policy Complaints Willy and Nora: Tragic Heroes or Home-wreckers? No one has a perfect life. Despite what Aaron Spelling and his friends in the media might project to society today, no one’s life is perfect. Everyone has conflicts that they must face sooner or later. The ways in which people deal with these conflicts can be just as varied as the people themselves. Some procrastinate and ignore their problems as long as they can, while others attack problems to get them out of the way as soon as possible. The Lowman and Helmer families have a number of problems that they deal with in different ways, which proves their similarities and differences. Both Willy Loman, the protagonist of Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman and Nora Helmer, protagonist of Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House experience an epiphany where they realize that they were not the person the thought they were: while Willy’s catharsis brings about his death, Nora’s brings her to a new life; hers. Both character’s flaws bring about their departure from their respective families as well. They are both overly concerned with the appearances they and their families present to society: as a result they both project false images to others. From their appearance, both seem to be involved in stable marriages and appear to be going places. Willy’s job as a traveling salesman seems stable (although we never know what it is he sells) when he tells his family that he â€Å"knocked ’em cold in Providence, slaughtered ’em in Boston† (Miller 1228). It is not until Willy’s wife, Linda tells us that he â€Å"drives 700 miles and when he gets there, no one knows him any more, no one welcomes him† (Miller 1241). If that’s not enough to convince readers of his failure on the job, the fact that he gets fired after working for the same company for 36 years cements his incompetency in the business world to readers. While Nora does not work in the business world, (few woman, if any did over 120 years ago) her failure to take care of her responsibilities becomes quite evident as well. When the play opens and Nora enters with a Christmas tree and presents for the children, she gives off the impression of a good mother trying hard to prepare a great Christmas for her family. Upon further analysis we see that Nora’s duties, in general, are restricted to caring for the children, doing housework, and working on her needlepoint. Nora cannot complete these duties even with the full-time help of Anne Marie, a housekeeper who cleans up after Nora just as much as the children. When Nora and Kristine are having a discussion towards  the start of the play, Nora informs her friend that, â€Å"I’m so happy and relieved [with my marriage]. I must say its lovely to have plenty of money and not have to worry. Isn’t it?† (Ibsen 1119). The rosy picture she painted of her family and marriage are in stark contrast to the â€Å"stranger of a man† (Ibsen 1168) she refers to her husband as. We realize that she had not been living her life at all; rath er the life that her husband wanted her to live. While both Willy and Nora succeed in giving of the appearance of being competent, efficient and helpful family members who contribute to the well being of their respective families, they prove otherwise as the plays progress. While the two plays take place nearly 100 years apart, are set on different continents and each have completely different family members, both engage in lies and deceit that hurt their families; after which each protagonist leaves their family. Not only does Willy lie about his performance on the job, he lies about his â€Å"faulty car† as well. He tells his family that the Studebaker keeps malfunctioning when in reality we find out through Linda that he has been deliberately trying to kill himself. The biggest way in which Loman deceives his family is by cheating on his wife while away for work in Boston. When his eldest son discovers his father’s unfaithfulness, he loses all trust for his father, and Biff’s life pretty much goes downhill from there. Willy Loman’s lies, deceit, unfaithfulness have resulted in huge problems for his family. Nora also starts trouble in her household through lies and deceit. Nora’s crime of forgery is not even a crime in her mind; she does not realize that the law does not take into account people’s motivations behind their actions. While she knows that Krogstad has been associated with shady law practices, she does not realize that his crime was on the same level, if not less illegal than the one that she has committed. When Tourvald opens the letter and finds out about her crime, he goes ballistic, and cannot believe that his own wife could be capable of such a crime. This is ultimately the reason / situation that helps Nora realize that she must leave her family in order to begin to live her own life. But Nora even lies about the little things in life such as the eating of macaroons (Ibsen 1126). Her husband forbade her from eating them on account that they will rot her teeth, and when she is seen eating them in her house, she says that they are a gift from Kristine, which is a lie. Both Willy and Nora’s lies and deceitfulness frustrate their families to the  point where each protagonist much leave their family; although Willy’s departure is his death, Nora’s is the start of her real life. Both main characters also use an escape mechanism to leave reality when they realize that their lives are on the wrong path. When Loman starts to realize that his pride and joy in life, Bi ff, â€Å"is a lazy bum† (Miller 1218) he begins to talk to himself (Miller 1221). These mental lapses bring Loman to a happier place and time, when his kids were young and innocent and he thought that the best part of his life lay still ahead. This acts almost as a defense mechanism against the pains of reality for Willy. In the final scene, after Biff tells his father that he is â€Å"a dime a dozen† and that the Loman name really doesn’t mean much, Willy engages in the ultimate escape mechanism; suicide. Although it may appear on the surface to be a selfish and coldhearted move to spite his family, he actually did it so that his family may live a better life with money he thinks they will receive from his life insurance policy. When faced with the harsh pains of reality, Nora also uses defense / escape mechanisms to ignore the problems at hand first, then to conquer them in the end. She believes that she has done nothing wrong, and that if what she has done is illegal, that her good intentions will nullify the illegality of her forgery. When Krogstad informs her otherwise, tells her the possible repercussions of her act, and ultimately gives her an ultimatum, this is her first touch of reality outside of the doll’s house that she lives in. To cope with the harshness outside of t his doll’s house, she immediately retreats back inside and attempts to distract herself with Christmas decorations (Ibsen 1133). She uses the tree and presents to distract her from her problems, and tells the nursemaid Anne Marie that she’s too busy to play with her kids who want to see her because she must try to distance her mind from the subject at hand. Here she is only making the problem worse by not dealing with it. When she finally realizes that her â€Å"main duty [is] to [her]self† (Ibsen 1166), and that she has been living life according to what her father and husband have wanted rather than what she has wanted, Nora’s epiphany is complete. She knows that the only possible solution that can work for her is to leave right away. Willy and Nora both escape their problems first by drifting away with mental distractions, then when they fully realize their problems, they both must physically leave their families. For Willy this means death, for Nora, the  start of (a new) life. Willy and Nora share a fatal flaw: they try to make others happy before making themselves happy. All that Willy ever wanted in life was to be â€Å"well-liked† and for his sons to follow in his footsteps. Their lives focused too much on fulfilling others rather than themselves, and in the end this flaw led to their departure from each of their respective families. When Charley asks Willie â€Å"when the hell are you ever going to grow up?† and Biff declares that â€Å"we never told the truth in this house for 10 minutes† (Miller 1280) we realize that Willy will never grow up and that he must leave his family because he will never grow up and that nearly his whole life has been a farce. Similarly, when Nora tells her husband that the only way he (and her) can only change if Tourvald has â€Å"his doll taken away† (Ibsen 1168) we realize that Nora’s life too has been a farce and that she must leave in order to begin her own life. 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Personal Development As a Strategic Leader and Strategic Performance Essay

Personal Development As a Strategic Leader and Strategic Performance management - Essay Example It is an exercise in helping me hone my skills, boost my strengths and improve on my weaknesses. In creating this Personal Development Plan as a Strategic Leader (PDP), I shall follow assessment criteria as my outline so I am ensured that nothing will be missed. The Department of Transportation (DoT) in Abu Dhabi upholds lofty ideals in professionalism. It honors its commitment to serving the people by providing quality service in terms of transportation. Its vision is as follows: Streamline the Department of Transport: More efficient delivery to the public sector the services and processes and provision of greater transparency and accountability to all stakeholders. This is made possible through five key policy divisions. Such divisions will be responsible for policy and strategic planning, regulation and relevant programs in Aviation, Maritime, Public Transport, Roads Safety and Highways Management. It is the Chairman of the Department of Transport, assisted by an Undersecretary, who oversees the regulation and supervision of transport conducted by these divisions. Two departmental functons have been created for purposes of assisting the Chairman, namely an integrated planning and performance management function and an internal audit capability. Expand Etihad Airlines and the Abu Dhabi International Airport: In an effort to expand its customer base and promote Abu Dhabi as a tourist destination, the DoT strategizes plans of increasing the number of destinations of Etihad Airlines, Abu Dhabi’s official air transportation to significantly more destinations by the year 2018. Apart from this, plans for the improvement of the Abu Dhabi Airport are under way. -The requirements of DoT for leaders seem to be call for mature individuals who can handle the multiple tasks embedded in the position with efficiency and deliver a high quality of input